PHENOLOGICAL PHASE
Grapewine’s annual cycle
Annual Cycle
Several phenological phases, complied with the
genetic characteristics of the grapewine,
the clima and the cultivation methods,
form the annual cycle, that means,
first of all vegetative activity and then,
fruits and seeds production.
Winter rest up;
the leaves’s fall down,
introduce grapewine
into winter
“hibernation”.
Grape
harvest and
preparing for
the rest:
grapewine stores
all the nutrients
for going
through winter
and be ready
to wake
up in
spring.
Flowers, pollination
and, at last, the bunches.
Human knowledgements
and atmospheric
conditions are essential.
During all the year,
the farmer’s expertise
protects grapewine’s
wellness and
strenght.
click on the images and find out
Rest period
Begins when leaves fall off, and end at the time of flushing.
The formation of abscisic acid (ABA) comes with
lowering of temperature, and means the fall of the leaves.
Near flushing, starch turns into simple sugars, in
order to grant a fast onset of the buds.
“Pianto”
(the bleeding):
Before germination,
some liquid comes out
from xylems, in connection with
pruning cuts, because metabolism
of sugars takes back, and cellular
respiration too, and the absorption
of the roots is at the top.
Increasing
After fertilisation,
the buds become grapes
passing through 4 phases,
and grapes ripen in 3.
Buds become soft,
while increase their
sugar content.
Sugar content and typical
pigments of the vine
increase during the 3 phases
of grapes ripening,
and acids decrease.
In peel are concentrated
aromatic compounds
and polyphenols.
During this phase,
the buds undergo lignification:
the green color
disappears, and bark forms,
from base to heel end,
because of
the elaboration
and accumulation
of nutrients.
Sugars migrate to grapevines and
become starch.
This phase is very
important for the next year
production.
A good lignification,
grants to the grapevine a good
transition through the winter
and a vigorous annual
production cycle.
“Agostamento”
(lignification),
the stocks rebuilding